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Hi Tom,<br><br>
Surfed KRIS web
(<a href="http://www.krisweb.com/" eudora="autourl">www.krisweb.com</a>)
for C. shasta literature and came up with a couple: <br><br>
Scott Foott's paper on the 1995 out migrant mortality: <br>
<font face="Times New Roman, Times"><a href="klamath_usfws_foott_1995_springercshastamemo.htm">Foott,
J. S. 1995.</a> Preliminary results of Spring 1995 Klamath River chinook
smolt study (95-FP-01), Iron Gate Hatchery June release group.
Unpublished memo. US Fish and Wildlife Service. CA-NV Fish Health Center.
Anderson, CA. 6 pp. [75kb]** <br>
</font>is at
<a href="http://www.krisweb.com/biblio/klamath_usfws_foott_1995_springercshastamemo.pdf" eudora="autourl">http://www.krisweb.com/biblio/klamath_usfws_foott_1995_springercshastamemo.pdf</a>.<br><br>
More recent is:
<a href="klamath_usfws_foottetal_2003_cerat.htm"><font face="Times New Roman, Times">Foott
J.S., R. Harmon, and R. Stone. 2003.</a> FY2002 Investigational Report:
Ceratomyxosis resistance in juvenile chinook salmon and steelhead trout
from the Klamath River. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, California-
Nevada Fish Health Center. Anderson, CA. 25 pp. [825kb] <br>
</font>is at
<a href="http://www.krisweb.com/biblio/klamath_usfws_foottetal_2003_cerat.pdf" eudora="autourl">http://www.krisweb.com/biblio/klamath_usfws_foottetal_2003_cerat.pdf</a>.<br><br>
If you go to the KRIS web home page and type ceratomyxa into the search
it pops several others. <br><br>
C. shasta has part of its life cycle in marsh areas of the Klamath and
can manifest itself in wet years. Studies of Klamath River salmonids
indicate all have C. shasta resistance. Attempts to supplant Klamath
River steelhead with larger Cowlitz River strain in the 1960's was
thwarted immediately by a lack of resistance to C.shasta. Studies of
Oregon Klamath Basin wild trout populations found only a small cut-off
rainbow trout population in upper Jenny Creek (above Iron Gate) was
non-C. shasta resistant. Trinity fish need to be somewhat resistant
because they encounter C. shasta in the lower Klamath. <br><br>
Fish health depends a great deal on water quality, because disease
organisms are omnipresent. When fish become stressed by high temperature,
dissolved ammonia, crowding or a combination of water quality problems,
then it sets up conditions for epidemics. And they are not uncommon
on the mainstem Klamath in recent years. <br><br>
More Later,<br><br>
Pat Higgins<br>
KRIS Project Field Coordinator<br>
791 Eighth Street, Suite N<br>
Arcata, CA 95521<br>
(707) 822-9428<br><br>
Don't forget that CD's of Klamath-Trinity KRIS are available by calling
Kelly Sheen or Eric Flickwir at the Trinity RCD at (530) 623-6004.
<br><br>
<br>
At 06:45 PM 5/24/2004 -0700, Anita M Andazola wrote:<br><br>
<br><br>
<br>
<blockquote type=cite class=cite cite>C. shasta has been found in Trinity
fish, but not to the degree that<br>
plagues the Klamath.<br>
(See attached file: C.shasta.pdf)<br><br>
Anita Andazola, Fish biologist<br>
Lower Trinity Ranger District, Six Rivers National Forest<br>
580 Highway 96, P.O. Box 68<br>
Willow Creek, CA 95573<br>
Office: 530.629.2118 x 319<br>
FAX: 530.629.2102<br><br>
"Our lives teach us who we are."<br>
Salman Rushdie<br><br>
<br><br>
<br>
"Tom
Stokely"
<br>
<tstokely@trinityalps.net>
To: "env-trinity"
<env-trinity@velocipede.dcn.davis.ca.us>
<br>
Sent
by:
cc:
<br>
env-trinity-bounces@velocipede.dcn.
Subject: [env-trinity] More on Current Klamath Fish
Kill
<br>
davis.ca.us
<br>
<br>
<br>
05/24/2004 02:42
PM
<br>
<br>
<br><br>
<br><br>
<br>
To: Env-trinity<br><br>
Tim McKay did some sleuthing through Tribal and State biologists and
found<br>
that there are indeed reports of a juvenile fish kill somewhere
between<br>
Bauer Creek and the Scott River. The likely culprit is Ceratomyxa
shasta,<br>
an endemic parasite to the Klamath River which allegedly has a
polychaete<br>
worm as an intermediate host, and a somewhat complicated life
history. As<br>
I recall, C. shasta doesn't exist in the Trinity River. In any
case,<br>
additional flows from the Trinity River do not sound like they are a
viable<br>
solution to the problem because the fish kill is upstream of the
Trinity<br>
confluence. If anybody has any url references to C. Shasta or any
other<br>
information, please pass it on through this list. There is
much<br>
speculation about the cause of the outbreak of C. shasta as it relates
to<br>
water quality, but I have seen nothing definitive.<br><br>
Below is an interesting perspective on the fish kill and water
conditions<br>
in the Klamath River from Waterwatch of Oregon.<br><br>
Sincerely,<br><br>
Tom Stokely<br><br>
\*****************************************************************************************************<br>
Posted by Steve Pedery:<br><br>
<br>
Hi folks,<br><br>
<br>
Concern is growing over the potential for another Klamath River fish
kill<br>
this spring and summer. Sick and dying fish have been reported in
the<br>
mid-Klamath region, and the Bureau of Reclamation is now offering
hatchery<br>
managers money to keep young salmon out of the river during the
lethal<br>
low-flow conditions that are expected this summer. A press release
on the<br>
potential fish kill is attached to this message as a Microsoft Word<br>
document, and pasted into this message below.<br><br>
<br>
PRESS RELEASE<br><br>
<br>
<br>
May 20,
2004
Contact: Steve Pedery, (503) 295-4039, ext. 26 <br>
<br><br>
<br>
Low Water Flows, Disease Hammer Klamath Salmon, Bureau Offers $$ to
Delay<br>
Hatchery Releases<br><br>
<br>
Portland--With concerns that yet another juvenile salmon kill may
be<br>
beginning on the Klamath River, the US Bureau of Reclamation has
contacted<br>
local fish hatchery managers offering cash in exchange for delaying
their<br>
releases of young salmon. The Bureau is also suggesting that
managers<br>
release their fish into the river further downstream than normal in
order<br>
to avoid the fish-killing low flow conditions that will affect the
river<br>
this summer.<br><br>
<br>
Details on the Bureau’s efforts to delay the release of young salmon
from<br>
the Iron Gate Dam fish hatchery, or move the release to a point
further<br>
downstream than normal, were reported in today’s (May 20th) Klamath
Herald<br>
and News newspaper. The Bureau has offered hatchery managers
$65,000 to<br>
delay the release of young fish until the fall, when flow conditions in
the<br>
river will finally improve.<br><br>
<br>
“Call me a radical, but I think fish need water,” said Steve
Pedery,<br>
Outreach Director of WaterWatch of Oregon. “Rather than pay
fish<br>
hatcheries to keep salmon out of the river this summer, perhaps we ought
to<br>
consider leaving more water in it.”<br><br>
<br>
Biologists and survey crews from Klamath Basin Native American Tribes
have<br>
begun work to document disease outbreaks in the mid-Klamath River, in
an<br>
area running from approximately Iron Gate Dam down to the Scott and
Shasta<br>
Rivers. In this region water releases from the Bureau of
Reclamation’s<br>
massive Klamath Irrigation Project are the primary source of flow.
The<br>
size and severity of the current problem is not yet known, but kills
of<br>
juvenile salmon have unfortunately become the norm on the Klamath River
in<br>
recent years.<br><br>
<br>
Two weeks ago the Bureau announced that it was once again downgrading
the<br>
water year classification for the Klamath Basin, a move which would
reduce<br>
the amount of water held in Upper Klamath Lake and released to the
Klamath<br>
River and area National Wildlife Refuges for fish and wildlife. As
in<br>
previous years, the Bureau’s move comes after large water deliveries
were<br>
promised to irrigators within the Project. Under the new flow
management<br>
regime, Klamath salmon will face similar flows to those of 2002--a
year<br>
when thousands of juvenile salmon were killed in the spring and over
34,000<br>
adult salmon were killed in the fall by low flows and disease.<br><br>
<br>
“Delaying the release of hatchery fish, or moving them downstream,
might<br>
avoid the embarrassment of another major fish kill,” continued
Pedery.<br>
“Unfortunately the wild salmon and steelhead of the Klamath River
will<br>
still be left to face lethal low-flow conditions this
summer.”<br><br>
<br>
The problems plaguing juvenile salmon in the mid-Klamath region
highlight<br>
the fallacy of arguments that water diversions from the Trinity River
are<br>
the primary source of the Klamath’s woes. The Trinity joins the
Klamath<br>
River a little over 40 miles from the Pacific Ocean. The region
where fish<br>
are currently sick and dying is over 100 miles upstream.<br><br>
<br><br>
<br><br>
For more information on the environmental crisis in the Klamath
Basin,<br>
visit <a href="http://www.onrc.org/" eudora="autourl">www.onrc.org</a> or
<a href="http://www.waterwatch.org/" eudora="autourl">www.waterwatch.org</a>.<br><br>
<br>
-30-<br><br>
<br>
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