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<div class=Section1>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>You can read Dr. Gleick's bio, but simply
stated he is unquestionably the leading <span style='background:yellow;
mso-highlight:yellow'>non-financially involved</span>, knowledgeable and objective
student, scientist and writer on California water issues.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Byron<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><a
href="http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/blogs/gleick/index"><span style='font-size:
9.5pt;color:blue;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=107 height=107
id="Picture_x0020_1" src="cid:image001.jpg@01CA056D.C440B6B0"
alt="http://imgs.sfgate.com/graphics/blogs/luminaries/gleick.jpg"></span></a><span
style='font-size:9.5pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:12.0pt'><a
href="http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/blogs/gleick/index"><span style='font-family:
"Trebuchet MS","sans-serif";color:white;text-decoration:none'>Dr. Peter Gleick</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>President,
Pacific Institute<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><a
href="http://www.sfgate.com/rss/feeds/blogs/sfgate/gleick/index_rss2.xml"><span
style='font-size:9.5pt;color:blue;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=14
height=14 id="Picture_x0020_2" src="cid:image002.gif@01CA056D.C440B6B0"
alt="http://imgs.sfgate.com/graphics/utils/rss_icon_citybrights2.gif"></span></a><span
style='font-size:9.5pt'>| <a
href="http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/blogs/gleick/bios">Read Bio</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h1 style='background:white'><span style='display:none'><a
href="http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/blogs/gleick/index">City Brights: Peter
Gleick : California's looming groundwater catastrophe</a><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.5pt;
display:none'>California is one of the only states in the United States with
almost completely unregulated groundwater use. Groundwater users are, with few
exceptions, not required to report how much water they pump...<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='background:white'><span style='font-size:9.5pt;
display:none'>California's looming groundwater catastrophe<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h2 style='background:white'><a name="entry_id_43563"></a>California's looming
groundwater catastrophe<o:p></o:p></h2>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
background:white'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>California is one of the
only states in the United States with almost completely unregulated groundwater
use. Groundwater users are, with few exceptions, not required to report how
much water they pump. Further, groundwater levels are irregularly and
incompletely monitored, leaving these withdrawals unmeasured and policymakers
in the dark. In part, this is a legacy from the old days when groundwater and
surface water were considered separate. We have known for a long time, however,
that they are connected, and that the use of one affects the availability of
the other. Pretending that we only need to allocate and monitor surface water
use and rights, while unlimited groundwater use is permitted, is a recipe for
disaster.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
background:white'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>Some people like it this
way. And these people do whatever they can to prevent any move to get the state
to regulate, or even measure, groundwater use. If their groundwater use affects
their neighbor's well or a nearby stream, tough luck.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
background:white'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>This isn't sustainable.
Sooner or later, bad things happen when the use of common resources, such as
air or water, is left completely unmanaged. For groundwater in California, bad
things are already happening.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
background:white'><strong><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow'>Water Number: 60 million acre-feet.
This is the amount of groundwater that a <a
href="http://www.usgs.gov/newsroom/article.asp?ID=2249" target="_blank">new
study from the US Geological Survey</a> estimates has been lost in California's
Central Valley since 1961. Lost. Consumed and not replenished. In some places,
groundwater levels have dropped 400 feet or more. The vast majority of this
overpumping has been in the Tulare Basin, though the last few years of drought
have led to significant increases in overdraft in the San Joaquin Basin as well.</span></strong><b><span
style='font-size:12.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
background:white'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>As a result of some
overpumping, land subsides and compacts. Buildings and roads subside and crack.
Drainage patterns change. And ironically, the California aqueduct systems run
by the State and Federal governments may be damaged, threatening the delivery
of water to other urban and agricultural users.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
background:white'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>The truth is, there is not
enough surface water to satisfy Central Valley growers, and so they pump
groundwater. In an average year in the Central Valley, groundwater provides
nearly half of irrigation water demand. In a dry year, such as we've
experienced for the past three years, some users pump even more groundwater and
groundwater may provide 60% or more of irrigation demand. If this water is then
replenished in wet years, groundwater use over time is sustainable -
groundwater acts like any other reservoir (only without many of the adverse
consequences of surface reservoirs). If not fully replenished, however,
groundwater levels inevitably fall. <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
background:white'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>The primary cost of using
groundwater is to drill a well or to run a pump on an existing well - the water
itself is not priced. The costs for drilling and running pumps, however, are
beginning to rise. Costs for drilling new wells, especially given the depths to
which groundwater has fallen, can be hundreds of thousands of dollars. The cost
of electricity or diesel to run groundwater pumps is rising as well.
Eventually, the damage caused by subsidence, or the conflict among users
sharing the same aquifers, or the cost of pumping will increase to the point
where pumping must decrease or even stop.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
background:white'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt'>And when that happens, our
food supply may go the way of the Delta smelt and California's salmon, and we
will end up with neither fish <em><span style='font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'>nor
</span></em>farms. Let's stop pretending that pumping groundwater without
constraint is a reasonable use of our limited freshwater resources. In some
areas of the state, local entities have formed groundwater management
authorities to manage this important resource for the benefit of all users.
This should be required everywhere, but especially in areas of severe
overdraft. Anything less will mean growing confusion and chaos for California
water and inevitably diminishing returns for California agriculture.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:gray'>Byron
Leydecker, JcT</span></i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:gray'>Chair, Friends
of Trinity River</span></i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:gray'>PO Box 2327</span></i><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:gray'>Mill Valley, CA
94942-2327</span></i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:gray'>415 383 4810
land</span></i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:gray'>415 519 4810
cell</span></i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:gray'><a
href="mailto:bwl3@comcast.net"><span style='color:blue'>bwl3@comcast.net</span></a></span></i></b><b><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:gray'><a
href="mailto:bleydecker@stanfordalumni.org"><span style='color:blue'>bleydecker@stanfordalumni.org</span></a>
</span></i></b><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:gray'>(secondary)</span></i><b><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><i><span style='font-size:12.0pt;color:gray'><a
href="http://fotr.org/"><span style='color:blue'>http://www.fotr.org</span></a>
</span></i></b><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></p>
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