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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>- Conservation Magazine - http://www.conservationmagazine.org -</span></b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Turning Fish Vegetarian<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Posted By <u>roberta</u> On October 3, 2012 @ 2:00 am In <u>Conservation Science,Flora+Fauna,Oceans,Technology</u> | <u><a href="http://www.conservationmagazine.org/2012/10/turning-fish-vegetarian/print/#comments_controls"><span style='color:blue'>No Comments</span></a></u><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><a href="http://www.conservationmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/iStock_000001246180XSmall-square.jpg"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:blue;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=150 height=150 id="Picture_x0020_1" src="cid:image001.jpg@01CDA154.ECFD23F0" alt="Description: http://www.conservationmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/iStock_000001246180XSmall-square.jpg"></span></a><sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>[1]</span></sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Aquaculture is helping to meet people’s growing demand for seafood, and fish farms often use fishmeal and fish oil as feed. But carnivorous fish can be coaxed to accept a more sustainable vegetarian diet, researchers have shown in a <i>PLoS ONE </i>study.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Worldwide seafood consumption is rising fast, and fish farms have stepped in to fill the supply gap. Many farms have partially replaced fish-based feed with plant products. But meat-eating fish that are forced to go completely vegetarian may grow poorly or be less healthy.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>The authors reasoned that since wild fish can adapt to changes in diet through evolution, farmed fish should be able to do the same. The team started by feeding rainbow trout strictly plant-based meals. In a process called selection, the researchers sorted the fish by size every one to four months and kept the biggest ones. The large fish then bred to produce the next generation of trout.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Next, the researchers fed the offspring either a plant-based or fish-based diet. They did the same with “control” fish, whose parents ate only the fish-based food and didn’t undergo selection.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>The vegetarian fish had a lower survival rate and body weight than meat-eating fish. But the selection process improved the offspring’s chances of survival, the team found. While 77 percent of the selected fish’s plant-eating offspring survived at 145 days post-fertilization, only 66.9 percent of the control group’s plant-eating offspring did. Selection also appeared to increase body weight among the vegetarian fish.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>The results show that “domesticated populations of rainbow trout have the genetic potential to adapt to major dietary changes,” the authors write. With more rounds of selection, the vegetarian fish’s survival and body weight could come closer to those of meat-eating fish. The team cautions that some ingredients used in this study’s plant-based diet aren’t sustainable, however, so they will eventually need to be replaced with more environmentally-friendly alternatives. <b>— <i>Roberta Kwok</i> | 3 October 2012</b><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Source:</span></b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'> Le Boucher, R. et al. 2012. Selection for adaptation to dietary shifts: Towards sustainable breeding of carnivorous fish. <i>PLoS ONE</i> doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044898.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Image © Tootles | iStockPhoto.com<o:p></o:p></span></p><ul type=disc><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><a href="http://www.addtoany.com/add_to/facebook?linkurl=http://www.conservationmagazine.org/2012/10/turning-fish-vegetarian/&linkname=Turning%20Fish%20Vegetarian"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:blue;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=16 height=16 id="Picture_x0020_2" src="cid:image002.png@01CDA154.ECFD23F0" alt="Description: Facebook"></span></a><sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>[2]</span></sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></li><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><a href="http://www.addtoany.com/add_to/twitter?linkurl=http://www.conservationmagazine.org/2012/10/turning-fish-vegetarian/&linkname=Turning%20Fish%20Vegetarian"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:blue;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=16 height=16 id="Picture_x0020_3" src="cid:image003.png@01CDA154.ECFD23F0" alt="Description: Twitter"></span></a><sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>[3]</span></sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></li><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><a href="http://www.addtoany.com/add_to/stumbleupon?linkurl=http://www.conservationmagazine.org/2012/10/turning-fish-vegetarian/&linkname=Turning%20Fish%20Vegetarian"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:blue;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=16 height=16 id="Picture_x0020_4" src="cid:image004.png@01CDA154.ECFD23F0" alt="Description: StumbleUpon"></span></a><sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>[4]</span></sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></li><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><a href="http://www.addtoany.com/add_to/linkedin?linkurl=http://www.conservationmagazine.org/2012/10/turning-fish-vegetarian/&linkname=Turning%20Fish%20Vegetarian"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:blue;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=16 height=16 id="Picture_x0020_5" src="cid:image005.png@01CDA154.ECFD23F0" alt="Description: LinkedIn"></span></a><sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>[5]</span></sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></li><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><a href="http://www.addtoany.com/add_to/tumblr?linkurl=http://www.conservationmagazine.org/2012/10/turning-fish-vegetarian/&linkname=Turning%20Fish%20Vegetarian"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:blue;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=16 height=16 id="Picture_x0020_6" src="cid:image006.png@01CDA154.ECFD23F0" alt="Description: Tumblr"></span></a><sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>[6]</span></sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></li><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><a href="http://www.addtoany.com/add_to/reddit?linkurl=http://www.conservationmagazine.org/2012/10/turning-fish-vegetarian/&linkname=Turning%20Fish%20Vegetarian"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:blue;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=16 height=16 id="Picture_x0020_7" src="cid:image007.png@01CDA154.ECFD23F0" alt="Description: Reddit"></span></a><sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>[7]</span></sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></li><li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1'><a href="http://www.addtoany.com/share_save?linkurl=http://www.conservationmagazine.org/2012/10/turning-fish-vegetarian/&linkname=Turning%20Fish%20Vegetarian"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";color:blue;text-decoration:none'><img border=0 width=120 height=16 id="Picture_x0020_8" src="cid:image008.png@01CDA154.ECFD23F0" alt="Description: Share/Bookmark"></span></a><sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>[8]</span></sup><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></li></ul><div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'><hr size=2 width="100%" align=center></span></div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>Article printed from Conservation Magazine: <b>http://www.conservationmagazine.org</b><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>URL to article: <b>http://www.conservationmagazine.org/2012/10/turning-fish-vegetarian/</b><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>URLs in this post:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:1.5pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:1.5pt;margin-left:0in'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>[1] Image: <b>http://www.conservationmagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/iStock_000001246180XSmall-square.jpg</b><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:1.5pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:1.5pt;margin-left:0in'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"'>[2] Image: <b>http://www.addtoany.com/add_to/facebook?linkurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.conservationmagazine.org%2F2012%2F10%2Fturning-fish-vegetarian%2F&linkname=Turning%20Fish%20Vegetarian</b><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal 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