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    <p>If I was a fish and I knew that my best friend was a fisherman
      I'd be pretty anxious too.</p>
    <p>Dave<br>
    </p>
    <br>
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 12/9/2016 7:03 PM, Kier Associates
      wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote cite="mid:000001d25291$f07cc510$d1764f30$@att.net"
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        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Baby salmon
            ain’t the only ones with anxiety disorder these days – the
            only news you can trust, <i>The Bad Reporter</i>, just
            delivers one nail-biter after another <a
              moz-do-not-send="true"
              href="http://www.gocomics.com/badreporter">http://www.gocomics.com/badreporter</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
        <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Bill<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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          <div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">From:</span></b><span
style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">
                env-trinity
[<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:env-trinity-bounces+kierassociates=att.net@velocipede.dcn.davis.ca.us">mailto:env-trinity-bounces+kierassociates=att.net@velocipede.dcn.davis.ca.us</a>]
                <b>On Behalf Of </b>Sari Sommarstrom<br>
                <b>Sent:</b> Friday, December 09, 2016 2:28 PM<br>
                <b>To:</b> <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:env-trinity@velocipede.dcn.davis.ca.us">env-trinity@velocipede.dcn.davis.ca.us</a><br>
                <b>Subject:</b> [env-trinity] CBB: Treating anxious
                outmigrating salmon<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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        <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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                <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span
style="font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Study
                      Treats Migrating Salmon With Anxiety Medication,
                      Says Limits Fear Of The Unknown Downstream </span></b><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><br>
                    Posted on Friday, December 09, 2016 (PST) <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
                    Roman","serif";color:black">Current
                    research from Umeå University in Sweden shows that
                    the young salmon's desire to migrate to the sea can
                    partly be limited by anxiety.</span><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
                    Roman","serif";color:black"> </span><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
                    Roman","serif";color:black">Researchers
                    have long tried to understand what factors affect
                    the young salmon's decision to migrate out to sea.
                    Previous studies have indicated that environmental
                    factors such as temperature, light conditions and
                    water flow may play an important role. However,
                    large parts of the within species variation in fish
                    migration remains unexplained.</span><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
                    Roman","serif";color:black"> </span><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
                    Roman","serif";color:black">A study </span><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><a
                      moz-do-not-send="true"
                      href="http://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms13460"><span
                        style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times
                        New Roman","serif"">http://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms13460</span></a></span><u><span
                      style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times
                      New Roman","serif";color:blue"> </span></u><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
                    Roman","serif";color:black">from Umeå
                    University, published in the journal Nature
                    Communications, now shows that the salmon's
                    inclination to migrate is partly limited by its fear
                    of the unknown downstream.</span><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
                    Roman","serif";color:black"> </span><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
                    Roman","serif";color:black">"By
                    treating salmon with an anxiolytic drug, anxiety
                    medication that is, we artificially changed the
                    migration intensity of the salmon where treated
                    salmon travelled further and faster than untreated
                    salmon," says Gustav Hellström, one of the
                    researchers behind the study. </span><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
                    Roman","serif";color:black"> </span><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
                    Roman","serif";color:black">The
                    research team studied how salmon migration was
                    affected both in a lab, where salmon migrated in a
                    large artificial stream, and in a natural stream
                    outside of Umeå in Northern Sweden. In both
                    environments, researchers found that salmon treated
                    with anxiety medication migrated nearly twice as
                    fast as salmon who had not been subjected to
                    treatment.</span><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
                    Roman","serif";color:black"> </span><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
                    Roman","serif";color:black">Several
                    billion animals migrate yearly and the study results
                    show that anxiety limits migration intensity, is not
                    only important for understanding salmon migration
                    but also for understanding migration in general,
                    says the study. </span><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
                    Roman","serif";color:black"> </span><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
                    Roman","serif";color:black">The study
                    also has an ecotoxicological dimension as the
                    quantity of medication that the salmon was exposed
                    to was low - in fact so low that it measured lower
                    than that found in wastewater in certain areas. </span><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
                    Roman","serif";color:black"> </span><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
                    Roman","serif";color:black">"Even
                    though salmon in Northern Sweden live in
                    river-systems low to moderately affected by
                    contaminated wastewater it is not very likely that
                    exposure to anxiety medication is an environmental
                    issue for these populations right now. However,
                    given the low dose used in the study we cannot rule
                    out that, with increasing human population and
                    medical use, this might become a problem in the near
                    future" says Hellström.</span><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
                <p class="MsoNormal"><span
                    style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New
                    Roman","serif";color:black"> </span><span
style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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                  align="right"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.addthis.com/bookmark.php?v=250&pub=xa-4a73074e66d2b0b0"><span
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style="font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Bottom
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      <pre wrap="">_______________________________________________
env-trinity mailing list
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:env-trinity@velocipede.dcn.davis.ca.us">env-trinity@velocipede.dcn.davis.ca.us</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www2.dcn.org/mailman/listinfo/env-trinity">http://www2.dcn.org/mailman/listinfo/env-trinity</a>
</pre>
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