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<div>Very good article. <br>
<br>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b>Paul J. Catanese</b>, Partner<br>
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<b>D.H. Scott & Company</b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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900 Market St, Redding, CA 96001<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);"><b><i>Disclaimer:</i></b><i> Any accounting, business or tax advice contained in this communication, including attachments and enclosures, is not
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<div><br>
On Jan 24, 2017, at 11:50 AM, Sari Sommarstrom <<a href="mailto:sari@sisqtel.net">sari@sisqtel.net</a>> wrote:<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal">Journal article: <a href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02755947.2016.1240120?journalCode=ujfm20">
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02755947.2016.1240120?journalCode=ujfm20</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:18.0pt"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:#ADADAD;text-transform:uppercase"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:18.0pt"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:#ADADAD;text-transform:uppercase">Modesto Bee editorial, 1-19-17
</span><span lang="EN"><a href="http://www.modbee.com/opinion/editorials/article127580214.html">http://www.modbee.com/opinion/editorials/article127580214.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:7.5pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:26.25pt;margin-left:0in">
<span lang="EN" style="font-size:20.0pt;font-family:"McClatchy Serif";color:black">Study: Salmon don’t want too much water
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black"><image003.jpg></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black">One of FishBio’s salmon-counting weirs on the Stanislaus River. Jeff Jardine
<a href="mailto:jjardine@modbee.com">jjardine@modbee.com</a> <o:p></o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:18.0pt"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black">By the Editorial Board<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:18.0pt"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black">Salmon don’t read memos or get emails from the state Department of Water Resources, nor do they consult U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service instruction manuals. So how can they possibly know when it’s time to spawn?
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:18.0pt"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black">Over hundreds of thousands of years, salmon have learned to “read” signals that nature provides and only they
truly understand. Those signals tell them when it’s time to swim upstream. <o:p>
</o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:18.0pt"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black">A group of FishBio scientists working on the Stanislaus River have crunched 11 years of meticulously kept data
to better understand those signals. FishBio concluded that, using “adaptive management” techniques, government regulators often sent the wrong signals. In fact, their efforts were sometimes counterproductive in helping salmon populations recover.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:18.0pt"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black">Why? Because more water does not equal more fish.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:18.0pt"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black">In a peer-reviewed study published this week, FishBio looked at river conditions and flows from October through
December, when the most salmon were moving up the Stanislaus River. The scientists caution against jumping to conclusions, but they say the state frequently releases too much water.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:18.0pt"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black">Optimum flows to entice salmon to spawn are around 700 cubic feet per second,
<a href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02755947.2016.1240120" target="_blank" title="">
<span style="color:#0D76BA;text-decoration:none">says the study</span></a>. That’s roughly 5,100 gallons per second; a lot of water. But it’s far, far less than what the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, which operates New Melones Dam, usually releases.<a href="http://cdec.water.ca.gov/cgi-progs/selectQuery?station_id=GDW&sensor_num=8&dur_code=D&start_date=2010-10-25&end_date=2010-12-31&geom=" target="_blank" title=""><span style="color:#0D76BA;text-decoration:none">
In 2010, the bureau released at least three times that much for 14 straight days –</span></a> exceeding 10,000 cfs (15 times the optimum) for three days.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:18.0pt"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black">How much water is that? About 4.4 million gallons in a minute, enough in three hours to flood Oakdale 3 feet
deep. Over the course of these “spike” flows, the bureau usually sent some 25,000 acre-feet of clear water to attract salmon that often never came.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:18.0pt"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black">“If you hold (flows) up for more than a day or two, it’s not providing any benefit,” said FishBio’s Andrea
Fuller, one of the authors with FishBio partner Doug Demko and staffer Matthew Peterson. “If we didn’t have the dams in place, we’d have a very flashy system – the flows would spike up to a high degree, then recede quickly. The volume of water we’re putting
down in October wouldn’t have happened in even the wettest years.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:18.0pt"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black">Does this mess with the salmon’s internal signals? “Big time,” Fuller said.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:18.0pt"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black">“What led to the study, (the bureau) started doing these (adaptive management) releases in the 1990s and there
was an agreement that there would be an assessment to see how well they worked,” Fuller said. “But that was never done. We were left asking, ‘How did you come up with the volumes of water you think is needed?’
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:18.0pt"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black">“This finally gives us a study to see how the fish are responding.”
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:18.0pt"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black">Those who still cling to the writ of “more water equals more fish” will dispute FishBio’s studies. But the
prestigious <a href="http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/ujfm20/current" target="_blank" title="">
<span style="color:#0D76BA;text-decoration:none">North American Journal of Fisheries Management</span></a> subjected it to review by three scientists not associated with FishBio. It’s solid.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:18.0pt"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black">The study doesn’t directly address the State Water Resources Control Board’s ongoing efforts to double the
amount of water dedicated to environmental purposes on the Stanislaus, Merced and Tuolumne rivers. But it does argue that the state’s “adaptive management” assumptions should be subjected to close scrutiny. It should also convince the Bureau of Reclamation
to reduce the water it releases each fall, meaning more would be left behind the dam in April and early May when juvenile salmon are trying to exit the river.
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:7.5pt;line-height:18.0pt"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"McClatchy Sans";color:black">FishBio’s study contains some very important signals. Not for the salmon, but for state and federal scientists.
They should reconsider their positions and base their demands on the facts they find on our rivers – not disputable dogma.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><br>
Read more here: <a href="http://www.modbee.com/opinion/editorials/article127580214.html#storylink=cpy">
http://www.modbee.com/opinion/editorials/article127580214.html#storylink=cpy</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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